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Phone Shops UK » How Mobile Phones Work

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How Phones Work

A mobile phone shop sells the latest gadgets, they combine the technologies of a radio and a wireless communication. To counter the finite availability of the Radio frequency (RF) spectrum, a geographical area is divided into various small areas. Each such area is called a cell and has its own base station or towers. These base stations are responsible for receiving and making calls from a mobile phone through radio signals. As a large number of base stations are sharing the same frequency, this allows thousands of mobile users use lesser number of channels. As the base station is close to all mobile phone users in a cell, it reduces the transmitting power. As the power transmission reduces, the size of the battery reduces and the cell phone becomes much lighter and smaller. The number of base stations depends on how big is a particular geographical area and on its population. If there are a large number of people using a mobile phone, then greater number of base stations will be required.

When you make a call to a number, the base station with the strongest signal is located by the phone. The phone requests for a channel. When it allows channel assignment then the call is said to be connected. If the call is made to some landline phone then it is forwarded to the local network. The call is finally sent through the telephone network. When the phone is switched on then the System Identification Code (SID) in a mobile phone is continuously matched with the SID of the control channel. The control channel is a particular frequency between the phone and the base station. The phone can set up a call with the help of this special channel. If these two SID matches then the phone is in the local or home network. But if these two SID do not match, then the mobile phone is on roaming.

There is a MTSO (Mobile Telephone Switching Office) in every city which manages all the base stations in an area and also controls all phone connections to the landline phones. With the SID number, the mobile phone also sends a registration request which enables the MTSO to track the cell to which this mobile phone belongs. The MTSO provides a pair of frequencies to the phone. When the phone and base channel switches to this frequency, then the call is connected.

Phone Shops UK » How Mobile Phones Work